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Leonardo Morlino : ウィキペディア英語版
Leonardo Morlino

Leonardo Morlino (born 1947) is full professor of Political Science at LUISS University, Rome. Between 2009 and 2012 he was the first Italian President of the International Political Science Association.〔http://www.ipsa.org/history/presidents〕 He wrote extensively about the changes of political regimes, democratization processes〔L. Morlino, "Cómo cambian los regímenes políticos" CEC Madrid (1995)〕〔L.Morlino "Changes for Democracy:Actors, Structures, Processes", Oxford Studies in Democratization (2011)〕 and the quality of democracy of different areas of the world.〔Larry Diamond and Leonardo Morlino, "The Quality of Democracy: An Overview" in Journal of Democracy, Volume 15, Number 4, October 2004〕
Since November 2012 he is Vice Rector (Research) at LUISS "Guido Carli" di Roma.
==The theory of anchoring==
Morlino developed the theory of anchoring〔 L.Morlino, "Democracy Between Consolidation and Crisis. Parties,Groups,and Citizens in Southern Europe", Oxford, Oxford university Press (1998)〕 to understand how and why there can be democratic consolidation or democratic crisis, the processes of legitimation and of anchoring should be carefully explored. The key proposition is that to achieve consolidation with a limited legitimation strong anchors are needed. The main anchoring mechanisms we can empirically find are: party organization, clientelism, neo-corporatist arrangements, and party control of interests.Other possible anchors include: a strong leader, a successful tv channel, an internet networking skillfully managed. Likewise, there is an internal crisis of democracy when for a number of different reason the existing anchors fade away, i.e. there is a de-anchoring. In case of crisis this phenomenon is usually compounded by delegitimation in terms of dissatisfaction about the implemented policies or of a decisional stalemate.

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